niedziela, 24 marca 2019

Verbs

Noun class

Masculine SG - do 'to see (by a male human)'
Masculine PL b(a)- badó 'to see (by a male humans')
Feminine SG i- idó 'to see (by a female)
Feminine PL r(a)- radó 'to see (by a females)'

Infinitive has no noun class affixes.

Voice

Active - doh 'to see'
Passive -(a)g- dógah 'to be seen'
Causative -(a)ł- dółah 'to show'

*Agent of passive voice is marked with Dative case.
*Agent of causative voice is marked with Dative case, and causee is in Nominative.

Constructions similar to voice

Reflexive se se doh 'to see self'
Reciprocal selda selda doh 'to see each other'

Impersonal construction (without agent)

Impersonal construction is created by passive voice and suffix -ia instead agentive pronouns:
dogia 'is seen'

Tense

Past -(a)n- don 'see (in past)'
Present - do 'see (in present, now)'
Future -(a)s dos 'see (in future)'

Aspect

Imperfective - doh 'to see (action is not performed)'
Perfective -(a)t dótah 'to see (action is performed)'
Perfect -(a)ṣ dóṣah 'to see (action have a result)'

Habitual have periphrastic construction: a gerund in imperfective aspect + dúh 'to be'

me dóni du 'I am seeing many times/regularly'

Mood

Indicative -
Inferential -(a)l dol 'probably see'
Imperative -o doo 'do!'
Optative -iee doiee 'may see'

Negation

Normal negative na na doh not to see
Prohibitive negative ma ma doo do not see!

Volition

Performed volition is created with modal verb uaárah 'to want (and volitioned action is/was achieved')
Unperformed volition is created with modal verb lásah 'to want (and volitioned action is/was not achieved')

Verbs don't have conjugation for person as synthetic category.

Non-finite forms

Adjectivals

Perfect -(a)ṣ + hoo doṣ hoo
Perfective -at + hoo dot hoo
Imperfective -0 + hoo do hoo

Adverbials

Perfect -(a)ṣ + hee doṣ hee
Perfective -at + hee dot hee
Imperfective -0 + hee do hee

Infinitive

-(a)h doh 'to see' ḥiéthah 'to grow'

Gerund

-(a)ni doni 'seeing' ḥiéthani 'growing'

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