niedziela, 7 kwietnia 2019

Deverbal adverbs

Adverbial participle

Adverbial participle is periphrastic construction created with finite form of a verb + particle hee (probably former relative pronoun). These participles are conjugable by tense, aspect and voice (as normal verbs).
  • jah 'to go' → ja hee 'walking, while walking' 
  • gácah 'to take' → gac hee 'taking, while taking'
  • sýdzah 'to sit' → sydz hee 'sitting, while sitting'
  • médlah 'to help' → médl hee 'helping, while helping'
  • topaáh 'to cover' → topaá hee 'covering, while covering'
  • doh 'to see' → do hee 'seeing, while seeing'
  • goh 'to do' → go hee 'doing, while doing'
  • ḥadah 'to know' → ḥad hee 'knowing, while knowing'
  • lásdah 'to write' → lásda hee 'writing, while writing'
  • keétah 'to cut' → keét hee 'cutting, while cutting'
  • khákah 'to crack' → khák hee 'cracking, while cracking'
  • sétah 'to stand' → sét hee 'standing, while standing'

Adverbs with noun case

A certain group adverbs descending from some (mostly descriptive) verbs is created differently. To verbal stems are added endings of noun cases. It is unproductive phenomenon.
  • néṣah 'to become new' → néṣatṣ 'becoming new'
  • néṣ(a)gah 'to be new' → néṣgatṣ 'being new, anew'
  • chiínah 'to become red' → chiíngaḥ 'on red'
  • nótłar(a)gah 'to be green' → nótłargaḥ 'on green'
  • sétah 'to stand' → sétar 'to/for standing'
  • łéd(a)gah 'to become pure' → łédgaḥ 'in pure form'
  • múirugah 'to be free' → múirugaḥ 'free'
  • khoósgah 'to be empty' → khoósgaḥ 'empty'

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