czwartek, 11 kwietnia 2019

Relativization

There are no relative pronouns in this language. Instead, there are constructions with participle.

Saatrá neétskem khútsan hoo.
[disciple book-ACC MASC-buy-PST PTCP]
[saːtrá néːt͡skem kʰút͡san hoː]
The student who bought the book.

Neétskes saatrár khútsatni.
[book-GEN disciple-DAT buy-PERF-GER]
[néːt͡skes saːtrár kʰút͡sani]
The book which the student bought.

Han dzálam matṣím ihíden hoom don.
[3.SG woman-ACC meat-ACC FEM-eat-PST PTCP MASC-see-PST]
[han d͡zálam mat̪ʃím ihíden hoːm don]
He saw a woman who ate meat.

Tháme háicha haághan hoo.
[man yesterday MASC-come-PST PTCP]
[tʰáme hájcʰa háːɰan hoː]
The man who came yesterday.

Me neétskem don, igúdagnat hoom naángatṣ.
[1.SG book-ACC MASC-see-PASS-PST FEM-give-PST-PERF PTCP-ACC king-ABL]
[me néːt͡skem don igúdagnat hoːm náːŋat͡ʃ]
I saw the book which the king gave.

Me thámem tum dzókhnat hoom dónaṣ.
[1.SG man-ACC 2.SG-ACC MASC-beat-PST-PERF PTCP-ACC MASC-be-PST-PRFC]
[me tʰámem tum d͡zókʰnat hoːm dónaʃ]
I have seen the man who has beaten you.

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