środa, 10 kwietnia 2019

Postpositions in nominal derivation

Sometimes postpositions added to nouns in Nominative case are changing a meaning of the noun.

  • so 'in'
    • táh 'to sow' → táso 'sown seed, sowing';
    • kýstah 'to shoot' → kýstaso 'wound from shot';
    • nólah 'to sew' → nólsoma 'something inserted, insert';
    • bági 'wheel' → bagisóine 'spoke';
    • ḥaak 'nose' → ḥaákso 'nostril';
  • ḥa 'on'
    • táh 'to sow' → táḥa 'seed';
    • duús 'place' → duusḥará 'plenipotentiary of a ruler, deputy';
    • anú 'eye' → anúḥa 'eyelid';
    • raájah 'to rule' → raachará 'aristocrat';
    • deéme 'gold' → deemtahé 'gilt';
    • gúdah 'to give' → guthamé 'reward, prize';
    • deené 'god, deity' → deénḥati 'piety';
    • boḥé 'thing' → bóḥḥa 'subject';
  • ḥaso 'above'
    • tháme 'man' → thámḥaso 'superman';
  • ni 'below, down'
    • iółah 'to gain' → iółni 'gain';
    • uéju 'world' → uéjuni 'underworld';
    • gýl 'fire' → gýlni 'fuel';
    • pul 'water' → púlni 'underwater ground';
    • goon 'river' → goónni 'riverbed';
    • uásu 'lake' → uásuni 'lake's bottom';
    • dúh 'to be' → dúnima 'bottom';
    • dẓílah 'to lie' → dẓílnima 'floor';
    • raájah 'to rule' → raájni 'subordinated object';
    • raájah 'to rule' → raajnirá 'subordinated person';
    • gúdah 'to give' → gúnnima 'tax';
    • baaṣát 'language' → baaṣátni 'dialect, language of lower class';
    • cáimaa 'tribe' → cáimaani 'subtribe, group of clans';
    • naánga 'king' → naángani 'subking, viceroy';
    • sýle 'mountain' → syleniúm 'area before mountains';
    • anú 'eye' → anúnius 'eyehole, orbit';
    • lokalé 'height' → lokaléni 'elevation';
  • niso 'under'
    • gýl 'fire' → gýlniso 'stone under campfire';
    • syn 'forest' → synnisúm 'area near forest';
  • tah 'after'
    • iáchah 'to should' → iachtahé 'duty, obligation';
    • iuútah 'to keep' → iuuttahé 'possessed object, possession';
    • lugát 'death' → lugattahé 'afterlife';
    • dúndah 'war' → dundattahé 'period after war';
    • sýle 'mountain' → syltahé 'hill';
  • paat 'before'
    • tháme 'man' → thampaatí 'pre-human being';
    • paat 'before' → paatrá 'ancestor';
  • khaa 'near'
    • doh 'to see' → dokhaará 'breeder, farmer';
    • sýdzah 'to sit' → sýtskhaama 'sitting, meeting';
    • ṣagé 'word' → ṣákkhaama 'proverb';
  • taam 'away'
    • gúttaamah 'to forgive' → gúttaamti 'forgiveness';
    • iálah 'to become young' → ialtaamé 'adultery';
    • iálah 'to become youn' → ialtaamrá 'adult person';
    • thar 'hand' → thartaamé 'sparing';
  • che 'behind'
    • nólah 'to sew' → nólche 'seam, suture';
    • táh 'to sow' → táche 'seedling';
    • kýncheh 'to overwhelm' → kýnchema 'snowdrift';
    • tłhádah 'to fall' → tłhacché 'collapse';
    • iálah 'to become young' → ialche 'underage';
    • iálah 'to become young' → ialcherá 'underage person';
    • nóioh 'to become low' → nóioche 'too low person';
  • na 'to'
    • pátah 'to catch' → pátna 'handle';
    • iuútah 'to keep' → iuútna 'keeping a contract';
  • tṣa 'from'
    • saadé 'star' → saadétṣa 'meteorite';
    • jiiná 'cow' → jiíntṣa 'cow's product';
    • tłeém 'snake' → tłeémtṣa 'molt';
  • bece 'between'
    • goon 'river' → goombecúm 'area between rivers';
    • syn 'forest' → symbecúm 'area between forests';
    • sýle 'mountain' → sylbecúm 'area between mountains, mountain hollow';
    • pul 'water' → pulbecúm 'area between waters, continent';
  • lii 'for'
    • ḥádah 'to know' → ḥádliima 'information';
  • ṣem 'through'
    • iuútah 'to keep' → iuútṣeme 'tribute';
    • dẓókhah 'to link, to connect' → dẓókhṣemus 'mountain pass, creek';
    • bóḥah 'to speak' → boḥṣemé 'oration';
    • ḥiéthah 'to grow' → ḥiéthṣemé 'overgrowth';
  • ter 'like'
    • keétah 'to cut' → keéttere 'chord';
  • ak 'as'
    • naánga 'king' → naagaáke 'someone in role of king (but it's not true king)';
  • nal 'without'
    • naánga 'king' → naanganalé 'absence of leadership, interregnum';
    • tsúti 'tooth' → tsútinal 'toothless person';
  • nákhaa 'against'
    • naánga 'king' → naanganákhaa 'anti-king';

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