wtorek, 16 kwietnia 2019

Singulative and partitive object

Singulative means a single or smaller part of a whole or bigger object (partitive object), formed from a noun with the suffix -íne or -V́ine.
  • muúta 'wheat' → muutáine 'grain of wheat';
  • tólgu 'stone' → tolgúine 'one stone';
  • gylásse 'fire substantion' → gylasséine 'some of fire substantion';
  • hatsé 'bone' → hatséine 'piece of bone';
  • seélo 'army' → seelóine 'soldier';
  • pul 'water' → pulíne 'drop of water';
  • ṣagé 'word' → ṣagéine 'sound character (of letter)';
  • lásdani 'writing' → lasdaníne 'letter';
  • gýl 'fire' → gylíne 'part of fire, flame';
Pulíne tsaanátṣ neekhéḥ-ḥa tłághim-so itłhádnat.
[drop.of.water sky-ABL earth-LOC-on rain-ACC-in FEM-fall-PST-PERF]
[pulíne t͡saːnát͡ʃ neːkʰéx xa t͡ɬáɰim so it͡ɬʰádnat]
The drop of water fell from the sky to the ground during the rain.

Beehíne mer gúdo.
[part.of.bread 1.SG-DAT MASC-give-IMPER]
[beːhíne mer gúdo]
Give me a piece of bread.

Dzála salpáinem bychár igúdnat.
[woman piece.of.apple child-DAT FEM-give-PST-PERF]
[d͡zála salpájnem bɯcʰár igúdnat]
The woman gave the child a piece of apple.

Me doṣéine háicha iuútłah.
[1.SG salt.some yesterday keep-CAUS-INF]
[me doʃéjne hájcʰa júːt͡ɬah]
I got some salt yesterday.

Tolgúine tolgutónaḥ-bece.
[one.stone many.stone-LOC-between]
[tolgúine tolgutónax bece]
One stone among many stones.

Dzighíne dzighitónatṣ inédaanat.
[one.bee many.bee-ABL FEM-fly-PST-PERF]
[d͡ziɰíne d͡ziɰitónat͡ʃ inédaːnat]
One bee flew out of the bee's nest.

Jaanumíned duusḥaráir igúdganat.
[province-PL governor-PL-DAT FEM-give-PASS-PST-PERF]
[ɟaːnumíned duːsxará.ir igúdganat]
Provinces were given to governors.

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